Αρσακίδες \Οίκος

Αρσακίδαι

Arsacids

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Ακολουθεί κατάλογος των Αρσακιδών.

Κατάλογος

The following is a sequential list of the Parthian rulers, including usurpers and, in some cases, rulers whose names are unknown who produced coins.

• Αρσάκης Α' ο επονομαζόμενος Πάρνος
• Τιριδάτης αδελφός του προηγουμένου
• Αρτάβανος Α'
• Πριαπάτιος
• Φραάτης Α'
• Μιθριδάτης Α'
• Φραάτης Β
• Αρτάβανος Β'
• Μιθριδάτης Β' ο Μέγας
• Μνασκίρης
• Σανατρούκης
• Φραάτης Γ'
• Μιθριδάτης Γ'
• Ορώδης Α'
• Φραάτης Δ'
• Φραάτης Ε'
• Ορώδης Β'
• Βονώνης Α'
• Αρτάβανος Γ'
• Γοτάρζης
• Βαρδάνης
• Γοτάρζης εκ νέου ο παραπάνω
• Βονώνης Β'
• Βολογέσης Α'
• Πάκορος
• Χοσρόης
• Βολογέσης Β'
• Βολογέσης Γ' και
• Αρτάβανος Δ'

---

• Arsaces I
• Arsaces II
• Phriapatius
• Phraates I
• Mithridates I
• Phraates II
• Artabanus I
• Mithridates II
• Gotarzes I
• Orodes I
• Unknown Ruler
• Sanatruces
• Phraates III
• Mithridates III
• Orodes II
• Phraates IV
• Phraates V
• Orodes III
• Vonones I
• Artabanus II
• Vardanes I
• Gotarzes II
• Vonones II
• Vologases I
• Vologases II
• Pacorus II
• Vologases III
• Vologases IV
• Vologases V
• Vologases VI

---

Throne Name		Original Name	Portrait	Title	Born-Died	Entered office	Left office	Family Relations	Note
Arsacid dynasty, 247 BC–228 AD
1	Arsaces I	Tiridates I or Arsaces	Αρσάκης Α' Τιριδάτης Α'	King, Karen, Autocrator	? - 211 BC	247 BC	211 BC	A descendant of Arsaces son of Phriapatius who was probably son of Artaxerxes II
2	Arsaces II	Arsaces	Αρσάκης Β'		? - 185 BC	211 BC	185 BC	Son of Arsaces I
3	Arsaces III	Priapatius	Πριαπάτιος		? - 170 BC	185 BC	170 BC	Grandson of Tiridates I
4	Arsaces IV	Phraates I	Φραάτης Α'		? - 167 BC	170 BC	167 BC	Son of Phriapatius
5	Arsaces V	Mithridates I	Μιθριδάτης Α'	The Great King, Theos, Theopator, Philhellene	? - 132 BC	167 BC	132 BC	Son of Phriapatius
6	Arsaces VI	Phraates II	Φραάτης Β'	The Great King, Philopator, Theopator, Nikephoros	? - 127 BC	132 BC	127 BC	Son of Mithridates I	Killed in battle with Scythians
7	Arsaces VII	Artabanus I	Αρτάβανος Α'	King	? - 126 BC	127 BC	126 BC	Son of Phriapatius	Killed in battle with Tocharians
8	Arsaces VIII	Vologases (I)	Βολογέσης Α'	The Great King, Theopator, Philadelphos, Philhellene, Epiphanes	? - 122 BC	126 BC	122 BC	Son of Phriapatius	He was the first Arsacid king of Media, Arran and Iberia
9	Arsaces IX	Artabanus (II)	Αρτάβανος Β'	The Great King, King of kings, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 121 BC	122 BC	121 BC	Son of Artabanus I	Killed in battle with Medians
10	Arsaces X	Mithridates II	Μιθριδάτης Β'	The Great King, The Great King of Kings, Epiphanes, Soter	? - 91 BC	121 BC	91 BC	Son of Artabanus I
11	Arsaces XI	Gotarzes I	Γοτάρζης Α'	The Great King, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Euergetes, Autocrator	? - 87 BC	91 BC	87 BC	Son of Mithridates II
12	Arsaces XII	Artabanus (III)	Αρτάβανος Γ'	The Great King, Theopator, Nicator	? - 77? BC	91 BC	77? BC	Son of Vologases (I)
13	Arsaces XIII	Mithridates (III)	Μιθριδάτης Γ'	The Great King, The Great King of Kings, Dikaios, Euergetes, Philhellene, Autocrator, Philopator, Epiphanes	? - 67 BC	88 BC	67 BC	Son of Mithridates II
14	Arsaces XIV	Orodes I	Ορώδης Α'	The Great King, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 75 BC	80 BC	75 BC	Son of Mithridates II
15	Arsaces XV	Sanatruces I	Σανατρούκης Α'	The Great King, Theopator, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	157 BC - 70 BC	77 BC	70 BC	Son of Vologases (I)
16	Arsaces XVI	unknown	Ανώνυμος Α'	The Great King, Theopator, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Eusebes	? - 66 BC	77 BC	66 BC	?
17	Arsaces XVII	Phraates III	Φραάτης Γ'	The Great King, Theos, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 57 BC	70 BC	57 BC	Son of Sanatruces I	Killed by Orodes II
18	Arsaces XVIII	unknown	Ανώνυμος Β'	The Great King, Philopator, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 63 BC	66 BC	63 BC	Son of Arsaces XVI
19	Arsaces XIX	Mithridates III (or IV)	Μιθριδάτης Δ'	The Great King, The Great King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Theos, Eupator, Theopator, Philhellene	? - 54 BC	65 BC	54 BC	Son of Phraates III	Killed by Orodes II
20	Arsaces XX	Orodes II	Ορώδης Β'	King of Kings, Philopator, Eupator, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Ktistes	? - 38 BC	57 BC	38 BC	Son of Phraates III	Killed by Phraates IV
21	Arsaces XXI	Pacorus I	Πάκορος Α'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 38 BC	50 BC	38 BC	Son of Orodes II	Killed in battle with Romans
22	Arsaces XXII	Phraates IV	Φραάτης Δ'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 2 BC	38	2 BC	Son of Orodes II	Killed by Musa
23	Arsaces XXIII	Tiridates II	Τιριδάτης Β'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Autocrator, Philoromaeos	? - after 23 BC	30 BC	25 BC	Probably a descendant of Mithridates (III)	Deposed and went to Rome
24	Arsaces XXIV	Mithridates (V)	Μιθριδάτης Ε'	?	? - ? BC	12 BC	9 BC	Probably a descendant of Mithridates (III)
-	Musa	Musa	Μούσα	Queen of Queens, Thea, Urania	?- 4? AD	2 BC	4 AD	Queen of Phraates IV
25	Arsaces XXV	Phraates V	Φραάτης Ε'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	?- 4 AD	2 BC	4 AD	Son of Phraates IV & Musa	Deposed and went to Rome
26	Arsaces XXVI	Orodes III	Ορώδης Γ'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 6	4	6	Probably a descendant of Mithridates (III)	Killed by Parthian aristocrats
27	Arsaces XXVII	Vonones I	Βονώνης Α'	The Great King, King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Nikephorus	? - 19	8	12	Son of Phraates IV	Deposed and went to Rome. Later, He was killed by Romans.
28	Arsaces XXVIII	Artabanus II (or IV)	Αρτάβανος Δ'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 40	10	40	Probably a descendant of Mithridates (III)
29	Arsaces XXIX	Tiridates III	Τιριδάτης Γ'	?	? - ?	35	36	Probably a descendant of Tiridates II	Deposed and went to Rome
30	Arsaces XXX	Cinnamus	Κίνναμος	?	? - ?	37	37	Son of Artabanus II (or IV)	Abdicated
31	Arsaces XXXI	Gotarzes II	Γοτάρζης Β'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	11 - 51	40 –	51	Son of Artabanus II (or IV)
32	Arsaces XXXII	Vardanes I	Βαρδάνης Α'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 46	40	46	Son of Artabanus II (or IV)	Killed by Gotarzes II
33	Arsaces XXXIII	Vonones II	Βονώνης Β'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 51	c. 45	51	Son of Artabanus II (or IV)
34	Arsaces XXXIV	Mithridates (VI)	Μιθριδάτης ΣΤ'	?	? - ?	49	50	Son of Vonones I	Deposed and mutilated by Gotarzes II
35	Arsaces XXXV	Vologases I (or II)	Βολογέσης Β'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, The Lord	? - 77	51	77	Son of Vonones II
36	Arsaces XXXVI	Vardanes II	Βαρδάνης Β'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - ?	55	58	Son of Vologases I (or II)	Deposed
37	Arsaces XXXVII	Vologases II (or III)	Βολογέσης Γ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - ?	77	89/90	Probably son of Vologases I (or II)
38	Arsaces XXXVIII	Pacorus II	Πάκορος Β'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 115	77	115	Probably son of Vologases I (or II)
39	Arsaces XXXIX	Artabanus III (or V)	Αρτάβανος Ε'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - ?	80	81	Probably son of Vologases I (or II)
40	Arsaces XL	Osroes I	Οσρόης Α'	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 130	89/90	130	Probably son of Vologases II (or III)
41	Arsaces XLI	Vologases III (or IV)	Βολογέσης Δ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 148	105	148	?
42	Arsaces XLII	Mithridates IV (or VII)	Μιθριδάτης Ζ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - c. 145	115	c. 145	Brother of Osroes I	Killed in battle with Romans
43	Arsaces XLIII	Parthamaspates	Παρθαμσπάτης	King of Kings, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - after 123	116	117	Son of Osroes I	Deposed and went to Rome
44	Arsaces XLIV	Sanatruces II	Σανατρούκης Β'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - c. 145	c. 145	c. 145	son of Mithridates IV (or VII)	Killed in battle with Romans
45	Arsaces XLV	Vologases IV (or V)	Βολογέσης Ε'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 191	148	191	Son of Mithridates IV (or VII)
46	Arsaces XLVI	Vologases V (or VI)	Βολογέσης ΣΤ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 208	191	208	Son of Vologases IV (or V)
47	Arsaces XLVII	Osroes II	Οσρόης Β'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - ?	c. 190	c. 195	Probably son of Vologases IV (or V)
48	Arsaces XLVIII	Vologases VI (or VII)	Βολογέσης Ζ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	181 - 228	208	228	Son of Vologases V (or VI)	Killed by Ardashir I
49	Arsaces XLIX	Artabanus IV (or VI)	Αρτάβανος ΣΤ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - 226	213	226	Son of Vologases V (or VI)	Killed by Ardashir I
50	Arsaces L	Tiridates IV	Τιριδάτης Δ'	King of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	? - ?	217	222	Son of Vologases IV (or V)	He was also king of Armenia

There are some old chronologies that differ from the above list. Two of them are preseneted below:

Chronological Table of the Arsacid Kings of Parthia
New Chronology		Old Chronology
247 BC	Arsacid era begins; Andragoras autonomous as satrap	c. 250 BC	Arsaces I of Parthia
246 BC	Arsaces I of Parthia leads revolt in Parthia	c. 248 BC	Tiridates I of Parthia
238 BC	Arsaces I of Parthia in control of Parthia
217 or 214 BC	Arsaces II of Parthia	211 BC	Artabanus I
c. 191 BC	Phriapatius of Parthia	c. 191 BC	Phriapatius of Parthia
c. 176 BC	Phraates I of Parthia	c. 176 BC	Phraates I of Parthia
c. 171 BC	Mithridates I of Parthia	c. 171 BC	Mithridates I of Parthia
c. 139/138 BC	Phraates II of Parthia	c. 138/137 BC	Phraates II of Parthia
c. 127 BC	Artabanus I of Parthia	c. 128 BC	Artabanus II of Parthia
c. 124/123 BC	Mithridates II of Parthia	c. 123 BC	Mithridates II of Parthia
c. 90 BC	Gotarzes I of Parthia; Orodes I of Parthia	c. 91 BC	Gotarzes I of Parthia
		c. 80 BC	Orodes I of Parthia
78/77 BC	Sanatruces of Parthia	76/77 BC	Sanatruces of Parthia
71/70 BC	Phraates III of Parthia	58/57 BC	Mithridates III of Parthia
58/57 BC	Orodes II of Parthia	c. 57 BC	Orodes II of Parthia
before 53 BC	Mithridates III of Parthia (struck coins at Seleucia)
c. 40 BC	Phraates IV of Parthia	c. 40 BC	Phraates IV of Parthia
c. 39 BC	Death of Pacorus I of Parthia	38 BC	Death of Pacorus I of Parthia
32-30 BC	Invasion by Tiridates I	30-25 BC	Tiridates II of Parthia
27/26 BC	Tiridates I strikes coins at Seleucia
3/2 BC	Phraates V of Parthia	3/2 BC	Phraates V of Parthia
5/6 AD	Orodes III of Parthia	4 AD	Orodes III of Parthia
8/9 AD	Vonones I of Parthia	7/8 AD	Vonones I of Parthia
10/11 AD	Artabanus II of Parthia	12 AD	Artabanus II of Parthia
36 AD	Tiridates II of Parthia	36 AD	Tiridates III of Parthia
37 AD	Cinnamus	37 AD	Cinnamus
39-45 AD	Vardanes I of Parthia	38 AD	Gotarzes II of Parthia
43/44-50/51 AD	Gotarzes II of Parthia	39-47/48 AD	Vardanes I of Parthia
50/51-76/77 AD	Vologases I of Parthia	c. 51 AD	Vonones II of Parthia
55 AD	Vardanes II of Parthia	51/52-79/80 AD	Vologases I of Parthia
77/78-78/79 AD	Vologases II of Parthia
77/78-86/87 AD	Pacorus II of Parthia	78-115/116 AD	Pacorus II of Parthia
79/80-80/81 AD	Artabanus III of Parthia	80-81 AD	Artabanus IV of Parthia
92/93-95/96 AD	Pacorus II of Parthia
104/105-107/108 AD	Vologases III of Parthia	105/106-147 AD	Vologases II
108/109-127/128 AD	Osroes I of Parthia; Parthamaspates of Parthia in 117 AD	109/110-128/129 AD	Osroes I of Parthia; Parthamaspates of Parthia in 117 AD
111/112-146/147 AD	Vologases III of Parthia
c. 130-147 AD	Mithridates IV of Parthia	128/129-147? AD	Mithridates IV of Parthia
147/148-190/191 AD	Vologases IV of Parthia	148-192 AD	Vologases III of Parthia
190/191-207/208 AD	Vologases V of Parthia	191-207/208 AD	Vologases IV of Parthia
207/208-221/222 AD	Vologases VI of Parthia	207/208-222/223 AD	Vologases V of Parthia
c. 213 - c. 224 AD	Artabanus IV of Parthia	c. 213 - c. 224 AD	Artabanus V of Parthia

Arsaces I (238-211 BC) Founder of the Parthian kingdom. Elected leader of the Parni in about 248 BC and defeated Andragoras, the Seleucid satrap of Parthia, in about 238 BC. Arsaces I struck the first Parthian coins.

Arsaces II (211-191 BC) Second king, son of Arsaces I. Forced to submit to Seleucid overlordship by Antiochus III. Arsaces was able to strike coins up until his submission to Antiochus III.

Priapatios (191-176 BC) Son of Arsaces II. Ruler under the Seleucids. Regained Parthian independence after Antiochus III's defeat by the Romans in 189 BC and began to expand the kingdom. Did not strike coins.

Phraates I (176-171 BC) Son of Priapatios. Phraates continued the slow expansion begun by his father, and did not resume striking coins.

Mithradates I (171-138 BC) Great king who made Parthia into a major power. Son of Priapatios. Expanded the empire westward into Mesopotamia and eastward into Bactria. Actively promoted Hellenism and titled himself "philhellene" (friend of the Greeks) on his coinage. First appearance of a Greek-style portrait showing the royal diadem, the standard Greek symbol for kingship.

Phraates II (138-127 BC) Son of Mithradates I, he inherited the throne at a young age as shown by his short beard on his coins. Killed in battle against eastern nomads - the Sakas, an Indo-Scythian group.

Inter-regnal Issue (127 BC) Phraates' death temporarily left the empire in disarray as potential candidates fought for the throne.

Artabanus I (127-124 BC) Brother of Mithradates I. Loses Babylonia to the kingdom of Characene. Killed in battle with the Sakas. Parthian numismatic art at its finest.

Mithradates II (123-88 BC) Son of Artabanus I. Second only to Mithradates I as most powerful Parthian king, consolidated the empire and assumed the Achaemenid title "king of kings". The empire reached its greatest extent and had its first contact with Rome. Introduced the Parthian tiara, which became a standard symbol of kingship in many eastern kingdoms and initiated the depiction of the golden throne of the Arsacids on the reverse.

Gotarzes I (95-87 BC) Assumed power over parts of Parthia in opposition to Mithradates II. Probably never controlled all of the empire.

Orodes I (90-77 BC) Expelled Gotarzes from Babylonia and eventually reunited the empire. Probably the son of Mithradates II. Has portrait with tiara as sub-king under Mithradates II and with diadem as sole ruler.

Sinatruces (77-70 BC) Reputedly the brother of Mithradates II. Recalled to the throne from exile among the Scythians at the age of eighty. The civil unrest which followed the death of Mithradates II was finally ended during his reign, and the "regular" order of succession reestablished.

Phraates III (70-57 BC) Son of Sinatruces. King at the time of Pompey's campaigns in Asia Minor. Killed by his sons, Mithradates and Orodes. First appearance of the facing portrait on Parthian coins.

Mithradates III (57-54 BC) Son of Phraates III, murdered his father in conjunction with his brother Orodes. The brothers soon fell out. First king to use the star and crescent symbols.

Orodes II (57-38 BC) Son of Phraates III, murdered his father in conjunction with his brother Mithradates. With the support of the Suren, head of one of the leading families of Parthia, Orodes defeated his brother and executed him. Re-established strong central control in Parthia and influence in Armenian affairs, and was responsible for defeating Roman ambitions in the east, most notably with the defeat of Crassus at Carrhae in 53 BC. One of the most common of Parthian coin types. First appearance of the "royal wart" on Parthian coinage.

Pacorus I (sub-king)(ca. 50 BC) Eldest son of Orodes II, led two invasions of Roman Syria and Asia Minor. Finally killed in 39 BC. Issued coinage during the reign of Orodes II, possibly as co-ruler of the empire.

Phraates IV (38-2 BC) Another son of Orodes II, killed his father to secure the throne and then proceeded to wipe out his thirty brothers and their families. This did not engender much trust in his followers, thus explaining the many rebellions which Phraates IV had to face. In addition, the Romans were eager to avenge their defeat at Carrhae, creating even greater turmoil. Despite all of this, the Parthian economy seems to have thrived, as witnessed by the numerous coins of this reign. Defeated Marc Antony's invasion, then returned the standards captured at Carrhae to Augustus, who sent an Italian slave-girl, Musa, as a gift. Killed by his wife and son, Musa and Phraatakes.

Tiridates (29-27 BC) Usurper who was initially successful, forcing Phraates IV into exile among the Scythians. After being pushed back out of Mesopotamia, Tiridates was able to ally himself with Augustus and force Phraates to retreat again, as witnessed by some his coins on which he calls himself "friend of the Romans". Eventually defeated by Phraates.

Phraatakes (2 BC - 4 AD) Son of Phraates IV and Musa. Musa was a slave-girl given to Phraates as part of an exchange of gifts with the Romans. She became Phraates' favorite wife, and proceeded to get rid of her sons' older rivals, including her husband. Following Magian custom, she and her son were then married. Musa's portrait appears on certain issues of Phraatakes' coinage along with his own. Dethroned by the Parthian senate, which did not tolerate foreigners, especially those with Roman connections.

Orodes III (6 AD) Placed on the throne by the Parthian senate to replace Phraatakes and Musa, and then assassinated for his alleged cruelty.

Vonones I (8-12 AD) Son of Phraates IV, returned from Rome to take the throne. Unfortunately, his long exile in Rome had made him questionable in the eyes of the Parthian aristocracy, so he was faced with rebellion from the outset of his reign. Defeated by Artabanus II after a long struggle. His coins are notable for the western hair-style on his portrait and the appearance of Nike on the reverse in place of the seated archer.

Artabanus II (10-38 AD) Defeated Vonones I to assume the throne. His coins show the beginning of a long process of rejection of Greek influence and the resurgence of traditional Persian art and values. Spent most of his reign suppressing rebellions, and was at one point forced to live among the Scythians as a destitute hunter. Upon his return to the throne at the head of an army of the Dahae (another Scythian tribe), he continued to wear the rags - there is a facing portrait of him on a series of tetradrachms from this period. Seleucia, the largest Greek city in the Parthian empire, becomes independent for a short time.

Vardanes I (40-45 AD) Probably the son of Artabanus II. Reimposed Parthian control over Seleucia. Assassinated by his brother, Gotarzes II during a hunt.

Gotarzes II (40-51 AD) Another son of Artabanus II, whose coin types are very similar to those of his father. Gotarzes was noted for his cruelty, which resulted in several revolts.

Vonones II (51 AD) Probably only controlled the empire for a very short time, though he may have remained in control of parts of Persia for much longer. His coins show a facing portrait, similar to that of Phraates III.

Vologases I (51-78 AD) Son or brother of Vonones II. At one point during his reign he was ousted by his son Vardanes, but he survived to regain control in time to deal with a Roman invasion under Corbulo and a secessionist movement under Sanabares. Finally overthrown by Artabanus and Pacorus.

Vardanes II (55-58 AD) Son of Vologases I. Successfully wrested the throne from his father for a time, then defeated and presumably executed.

Vologases II (77-80 AD) Little is known about this ruler- he is possibly related to Vonones II, based on evidence from his coinage.

Pakoros II (78-105 AD) Eventually reclaimed the whole of the empire, after many years of conflict between many rivals, including Vologases II, Artabanus III and others in the continuing series of civil wars that had afflicted the Parthians since Vonones I. Began his rule very young, as witnessed by his beardless portrait on his coinage. He disappears from coins somewhere around 105 AD.

Artabanus III (80-90 AD) Another rival for the throne, probably related to Artabanus II, Artabanus III was able to get the Romans' attention by supporting a pseudo-Nero as a contender for the Roman throne. Pushed out of Mesopotamia fairly quickly, he managed to maintain his rule on the Persian plateau for a longer period.

Vologases III (105-147 AD) Vologases had a long and prosperous reign, with the usual rebellions, but none were permanently successful. Fought against the Kushans and Alani. His drachmas are among the most common of Parthian coins and show a progression from a short beard to a long beard.

Osroes I (109-129 AD) First of Vologases' challengers, Osroes is the ruler who opposed Trajan, to whom he lost his daughter, and the famous golden throne of Parthia depicted on the reverse of Parthian coins since the time of Mithradates II. Brother of Pakoros II. His coins show him with a bunched hairstyle associated with the Sassanian dynasty of Fars. The coin depicted here is a bronze chalkon.

Parthamaspates (116 AD) Trajan's puppet, Parthamaspates was a son of Osroes I. He was forced out of Parthia during the troubles following Trajan's death, and was eventually given a throne in Osrhoene by Hadrian, where he founded a dynasty.

Mithradates IV (140 AD) Another rival of Vologases III, known only from his coins.

Unknown King (140 AD) Known only from an uncommon series of coins.

Vologases IV (147-191 AD) Probably a son of Vologases III. Invaded Armenia and defeated a Roman force, but suffered a counter-invasion by the Romans under Lucius Verus.

Osroes II (190 AD) Known only from his coinage, which is quite common.

Vologases V (191-208 AD) Supported Pescenius Niger in his unsuccessful bid for the Roman Empire, and was consequently faced with a Roman invasion under Septimius Severus. His coins are rare and feature the bunched hair style introduced by Osroes I.

Vologases VI (208-228 AD) Son of Vologases V, at war with his brother, Artabanus IV.

Artabanus IV (216-224 AD) Son of Vologases V, at war with Vologases VI. Defeats Macrinus at Nisibis. Eventually defeated by the Sassanians at Hormuzdagan in 224 AD, thus officially ending the Parthian empire, though parts managed to hold out for a short while in outlying areas.

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Ιστογραφία

• Ομώνυμο άρθρο στην Βικιπαίδεια
• Ομώνυμο άρθρο στην Livepedia
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Κίνδυνοι Χρήσης

Αν και θα βρείτε εξακριβωμένες πληροφορίες σε αυτήν την εγκυκλοπαίδεια ωστόσο, παρακαλούμε να λάβετε σοβαρά υπ' όψη ότι η "Sciencepedia" δεν μπορεί να εγγυηθεί, από καμιά άποψη, την εγκυρότητα των πληροφοριών που περιλαμβάνει. "Οι πληροφορίες αυτές μπορεί πρόσφατα να έχουν αλλοιωθεί, βανδαλισθεί ή μεταβληθεί από κάποιο άτομο, η άποψη του οποίου δεν συνάδει με το "επίπεδο γνώσης" του ιδιαίτερου γνωστικού τομέα που σας ενδιαφέρει." Πρέπει να λάβετε υπ' όψη ότι όλα τα άρθρα μπορεί να είναι ακριβή, γενικώς, και για μακρά χρονική περίοδο, αλλά να υποστούν κάποιο βανδαλισμό ή ακατάλληλη επεξεργασία, ελάχιστο χρονικό διάστημα, πριν τα δείτε. Επίσης, Οι διάφοροι "Εξωτερικοί Σύνδεσμοι (Links)" (όχι μόνον, της Sciencepedia αλλά και κάθε διαδικτυακού ιστότοπου (ή αλλιώς site)), αν και άκρως απαραίτητοι, είναι αδύνατον να ελεγχθούν (λόγω της ρευστής φύσης του Web), και επομένως είναι ενδεχόμενο να οδηγήσουν σε παραπλανητικό, κακόβουλο ή άσεμνο περιεχόμενο. Ο αναγνώστης πρέπει να είναι εξαιρετικά προσεκτικός όταν τους χρησιμοποιεί.

- Μην κάνετε χρήση του περιεχομένου της παρούσας εγκυκλοπαίδειας
αν διαφωνείτε με όσα αναγράφονται σε αυτήν

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>>Διαμαρτυρία προς την wikia<<

- Όχι, στις διαφημίσεις που περιέχουν απαράδεκτο περιεχόμενο (άσεμνες εικόνες, ροζ αγγελίες κλπ.)

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