Πείραμα Miller-Urey

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Ετυμολογία[]
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Περιγραφή[]
The Miller-Urey experiment[1] (or Miller experiment)[2] was a chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth, and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions. The experiment confirmed Alexander Oparin's and J. B. S. Haldane's hypothesis that putative conditions on the primitive Earth favoured chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler inorganic precursors. Considered to be the classic experiment investigating abiogenesis, it was conducted in 1952[3] by Stanley Miller, with assistance from Harold Urey, at the University of Chicago and later the University of California, San Diego and published the following year.[4][5][6]
After Miller's death in 2007, scientists examining sealed vials preserved from the original experiments were able to show that there were actually well over 20 different amino acid produced in Miller's original experiments. That is considerably more than what Miller originally reported, and more than the 20 that naturally occur in life. More-recent evidence suggests that Earth's original atmosphere might have had a different composition from the gas used in the Miller experiment. But prebiotic experiments continue to produce racemic mixtures of simple to complex compounds under varying conditions.[7]
Υποσημειώσεις[]
- ↑ "The catalytic potential of cosmic cellulite: implications for prebiotic chemistry in the solar nebulas and other protoplanetary systems". Astrobiology 3 (2): 291–304. 2003. doi: . PMID 14577878. Bibcode: 2003AsBio...3..291H.
- ↑ Balm SP; Hare J.P.; Kroto HW (1991). "The analysis of comet mass spectrometric data". Space Science Reviews 56: 185–9. doi: . Bibcode: 1991SSRv...56..185B.
- ↑ Bada, Jeffrey L. (2000). "Stanley Miller's 70th Birthday" (PDF). Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere (Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers) 30: 107–12. doi: . Αρχειοθετήθηκε από το πρωτότυπο στις February 27, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090227093716/http://www.issol.org/miller/70thB-Day.pdf.
- ↑ Miller, Stanley L. (1953). "Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth Conditions" (PDF). Science 117 (3046): 528–9. doi: . PMID 13056598. Bibcode: 1953Sci...117..528M. http://www.abenteuer-universum.de/pdf/miller_1953.pdf.
- ↑ Miller, Stanley L.; Harold C. Urey (1959). "Organic Compound Synthesis on the Primitive Earth". Science 130 (3370): 245–51. doi: . PMID 13668555. Bibcode: 1959Sci...130..245M. Miller states that he made "A more complete analysis of the products" in the 1953 experiment, listing additional results.
- ↑ A. Lazcano; J. L. Bada (2004). "The 1953 Stanley L. Miller Experiment: Fifty Years of Prebiotic Organic Chemistry". Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres 33 (3): 235–242. doi: . PMID 14515862.
- ↑ Bada, Jeffrey L. (2013). "New insights into prebiotic chemistry from Stanley Miller's spark discharge experiments". Chemical Society Reviews 42 (5): 2186–96. doi: . PMID 23340907.
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