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Επεξεργασία
(Ανακατεύθυνση στη σελίδα Εμφύλιος Πόλεμος)
 
 
(5 ενδιάμεσες αναθεωρήσεις από τον ίδιο χρήστη δεν εμφανίζεται)
Γραμμή 1: Γραμμή 1:
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<font> <font color="blue"> Ρωμαϊκοί Εμφύλιοι Πόλεμοι </font></font>
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[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_civil_wars_and_revolts Roman civil Wars]
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[[image:War-04-goog.jpg|thumb|300px|<center>[[Πόλεμος]] [[:category:Πόλεμοι Γης|Πόλεμοι Γης]] [[:category:Μάχες Γης|Μάχες Γης]]
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----
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[[:category:Πόλεμοι Αρχαίας Εποχής|Πόλεμοι Αρχαίας Εποχής]] [[Αρχαία Εποχή]]
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----
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[[:category:Πόλεμοι Μεσαιωνικής Εποχής|Πόλεμοι Μεσαιωνικής Εποχής]] [[Μεσαιωνική Εποχή]]
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----
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[[:category:Πόλεμοι Νεότερης Εποχής|Πόλεμοι Νεότερης Εποχής]] [[Νεότερη Εποχή]]
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----
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[[:category:Πόλεμοι Σύγχρονης Εποχής|Πόλεμοι Σύγχρονης Εποχής]] [[Σύγχρονη Εποχή]]
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----
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[[:category:Πόλεμοι 3ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ.| Πόλεμοι 3ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ.]] [[:category:Πόλεμοι 2ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ.| Πόλεμοι 2ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ.]] [[:category:Πόλεμοι 1ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ.| Πόλεμοι 1ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ.]] [[:category:Πόλεμοι 1ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.| Πόλεμοι 1ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.]] [[:category:Πόλεμοι 2ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.| Πόλεμοι 2ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.]] [[:category:Πόλεμοι 3ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.| Πόλεμοι 3ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.]]</center>]]
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[[image:Maps-Roman_Civil-War-BC-49-goog.png|thumb|300px|<center>[[Ρωμαϊκός Εμφύλιος Πόλεμος]]</center>]]
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- Σειρά [[Πόλεμος |Πολέμων]] σε διάφορες [[Ιστορική Εποχή|εποχές]], που διαδραματίσθηκαν στην [[Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία]].
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==[[Ετυμολογία]]==
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* Η [[ονομασία]] ''"Ρωμαϊκός"'' σχετίζεται [[ετυμολογία|ετυμολογικά]] με την [[λέξη]] ''"[[Ρωμη \Λάτιο |Ρώμη]]"''.
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==[[Κατάλογος]]==
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This is a list of [[civil war]]s and organized [[civil disorder]] in [[ancient Rome]] (753 BC – AD 476).
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===[[3ος Αιώνας π.Χ.]]===
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* 241 BC: [[Falisci]] revolt - revolt suppressed<ref>{{Cite book|last=Potter|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9AyfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32|title=The Origin of Empire: Rome from the Republic to Hadrian|date=2019-06-03|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=|isbn=978-0-674-65967-4|location=|pages=32|language=en}}</ref>
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===[[2ος Αιώνας π.Χ.]]===
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* 135–132 BC: [[First Servile War]] in [[Sicily (Roman province)|Sicily]] - revolt suppressed<ref>{{Cite book|last=Boldt|first=Andreas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rzslDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA180|title=Historical Mechanisms: An Experimental Approach to Applying Scientific Theories to the Study of History|date=2017-03-16|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=|isbn=978-1-351-81648-9|location=|pages=180|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Chrystal|first=Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sFeqCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT106|title=Roman Military Disasters: Dark Days & Lost Legions|date=2015-11-30|publisher=Pen and Sword|isbn=978-1-4738-7395-7|language=en}}</ref>
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* 125 BC: [[Fregellae's revolt|Fregellae revolt]] - revolt suppressed<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Conole|first=P.|date=1981|title=Allied Disaffection and the Revolt of Fregellae1|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antichthon/article/allied-disaffection-and-the-revolt-of-fregellae1/F5E621B58554048F46C3DED1BD961AB4|journal=Antichthon|language=en|volume=15|pages=129–140|doi=10.1017/S0066477400004615|issn=0066-4774}}</ref>
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* 104–100 BC: [[Second Servile War]] in Sicily - revolt suppressed<ref>{{Cite book|last=Flower|first=Harriet I.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7SOjAwAAQBAJ|title=The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic|date=2014-06-23|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=|isbn=978-1-107-03224-8|location=|pages=200|language=en}}</ref>
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===[[1ος Αιώνας π.Χ.]]===
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* 91–88 BC: [[Social War (91–88 BC)|Social War]], between Rome and many of its [[Italy | Italian]] allies - Roman victory.
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* 88–87 BC: [[Sulla's first civil war]] (88–87 BC), between [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla]]'s supporters and [[Gaius Marius]]' forces - Sullan victory.
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* 82–81 BC: [[Sulla's second civil war]] between Sulla and Marius' supporters - Sullan victory.
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* 82–72 BC: [[Sertorian War]] between Rome and the Provinces of [[Hispania]] under the leadership of [[Quintus Sertorius]], a supporter of Gaius Marius - Sullan victory.
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* 77 BC: [[Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (consul 78 BC)|Lepidus' rebellion]] against the Sullan regime.
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* 73–71 BC: [[Third Servile War]] in Italy - revolt suppressed.
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* 63–62 BC: [[Second Catilinarian Conspiracy|Catiline Conspiracy]] between the Senate and the dissatisfied followers of [[Catiline]] - Senatorial victory.
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* 49–45 BC: [[Caesar's Civil War]] between [[Julius Caesar]] and the [[Optimates]] initially led by [[Pompey|Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus)]] - Caesarian victory.
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* 46 BC: Revolt of the [[Bellovaci]] in North-Eastern Gaul - revolt suppressed
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* 44 BC: Revolt of the [[Allobroges]] in Gaul - revolt suppressed
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* 44–43 BC: [[Battle of Mutina|Post-Caesarian Civil War]] between the [[Roman Senate|Senate]]'s army (led first by [[Cicero]] and then by [[Augustus|Octavian]]) and the army of [[Mark Antony|Antony]], [[Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir)|Lepidus]], and their colleagues - Truce results in union of forces.
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* 44–42 BC: [[Liberators' civil war]] between the [[Second Triumvirate]] and the Liberators ([[Marcus Junius Brutus|Brutus]] and [[Gaius Cassius Longinus|Cassius]], Caesar's assassins) - Triumvirate victory.
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* 44–36 BC: [[Sicilian revolt]] between the [[Second Triumvirate]] (particularly Octavian and [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Agrippa]]) and [[Sextus Pompey]], the son of Pompey - Triumvirate victory.
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* 41–40 BC: [[Perusine War]] between the forces of Octavian against [[Lucius Antonius (brother of Mark Antony)|Lucius Antonius]] and [[Fulvia]] (the younger brother and wife of Mark Antony) - Octavian victory.
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* 38 BC: Revolt of [[Aquitania]]n tribes - revolt suppressed by [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]]
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* 32–30 BC: [[Final War of the Roman Republic]] between Octavian and his friend and general Agrippa against Antony and [[Cleopatra VII of Egypt|Cleopatra]] - Octavian victory.
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* 30–29 BC: Revolt of the [[Morini]] and [[Treveri]] in Northern Gaul with Germanic support - revolt suppressed
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* 30 BC: Revolt in the [[Nile delta]] and the [[Thebaid]] - revolt suppressed by [[Gaius Cornelius Gallus]]
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* 28–27 BC: Revolt in [[Gallia Aquitania]] - revolt suppressed by [[Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus]]
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* 13 BC: Revolt of Vologases, priest of [[Dionysus]], in [[Thrace]] - revolt suppressed
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* 11–9 BC: Revolt of southern mountain tribes in Thrace - revolt suppressed by [[Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (consul 15 BC)|Calpurnius Piso]]
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* 4 BC: Revolt of Jews in [[Judea]] - revolt suppressed by [[Publius Quinctilius Varus]]
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===[[1ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.]]===
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* 3–6: Revolt of the [[Gaetuli]] in [[Mauretania]] - revolt suppressed by [[Cossus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (consul 1 BC)|Cossus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus]]
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* 6: Revolt of [[Judas of Galilee]] against Roman taxation - revolt suppressed
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* 6–9: [[Bellum Batonianum]], a great rebellion in [[Illyricum (Roman province)|Illyricum]] against Rome - revolt suppressed by [[Tiberius]]
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* 14: Mutiny of the legions in Germania and Illyricum suppressed by [[Germanicus]] and [[Drusus Julius Caesar]]
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* 17–24: [[Tacfarinas]]' revolt in north Africa - revolt suppressed by [[Publius Cornelius Dolabella (consul 10)|Publius Cornelius Dolabella]]
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* 21: Revolt of the Treveri, [[Aedui]], [[Andes (Andecavi)]] and Turoni under Julius Florus and Julius Sacrovir in Gaul - revolt suppressed by [[Gaius Silius]] and [[Gaius Calpurnius Aviola]]
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* 21: Revolt of the [[Coelaletae]], [[Odrysae]] and [[Dii]] in Thrace - revolt suppressed by P. Vellaeus
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* 26: Revolt in [[Thrace]] - revolt suppressed by [[Gaius Poppaeus Sabinus]]
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* 28: Revolt of the [[Frisii]] in the [[Battle of Baduhenna Wood]] - rebel victory
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* 36: Revolt of the Cietae in [[Cappadocia]] - revolt suppressed by Marcus Trebellius
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* 38: [[Alexandrian riots (38)|Alexandrian riots]]
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* 40: Alexandrian riots
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* 40–44: Revolt of [[Aedemon]] and [[Sabalus]] in Mauretania - revolt suppressed by [[Gaius Suetonius Paulinus]] and [[Gnaeus Hosidius Geta]]
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* 42: Failed usurpation of [[Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus]] in Dalmatia
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* 46: Revolt in Thrace - revolt suppressed
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* 46–48: [[Jacob and Simon uprising]] in the [[Galilee]] - revolt suppressed
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* 60–61: [[Boudica]]'s uprising in Britain - revolt suppressed by [[Gaius Suetonius Paulinus]]
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* 66–73: [[First Jewish–Roman War]] - revolt suppressed
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* 68: Revolt in [[Gallia Lugdunensis]] under [[Gaius Julius Vindex]] - revolt suppressed by [[Lucius Verginius Rufus]]' army
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* 68–69: [[Year of the Four Emperors|The Year of the Four Emperors]] between various Romans following the death of [[Nero]] (AD 68). After Nero's suicide, the generals [[Galba]], [[Otho]], and [[Vitellius]] take the throne within months of each other. [[Vespasian|General Vespasian]], who until that point was fighting the [[First Jewish-Roman War|revolt in Judaea]], is victorious. He founds the [[Flavian dynasty]].
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* 69: Revolt of [[Anicetus (pirate)|Anicetus]] in [[Colchis]] - revolt suppressed by Virdius Geminus
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* 69–70: [[Revolt of the Batavi]], Treveri and [[Lingones]] in Gaul - revolt suppressed
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* 79–80: Failed usurpation of [[Terentius Maximus]], a [[Pseudo-Nero]], in Asia
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* 89: Revolt of [[Lucius Antonius Saturninus]] with two legions in [[Germania Superior]] - revolt suppressed
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===[[2ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.]]===
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* 115–117: [[Kitos War]] in Egypt, [[Crete and Cyrenaica|Cyrenaica]] and [[Roman Cyprus|Cyprus]] - revolt suppressed
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* 117: Revolt in Mauretania - revolt suppressed by [[Marcius Turbo]]
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* 122: [[Apis (deity)|Apis]] riots in Alexandria
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* 132–136: [[Bar Kokhba revolt]] in Judea - revolt suppressed
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* 152: Revolt in Mauretania - revolt suppressed
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* 153: Alexandrian riots
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* 172: Revolt of the Boukoloi in Egypt - revolt suppressed by [[Avidius Cassius]]
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* 175: Failed usurpation of Avidius Cassius in the eastern parts of the Roman Empire
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* 185: Army mutiny in Britain suppressed by [[Pertinax]]
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* 190: Two revolts in Africa suppressed by Pertinax
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* 193–197: [[Year of the Five Emperors|Year of the Five Emperors and subsequent civil war]] between the generals [[Septimius Severus]], [[Pescennius Niger]] and [[Clodius Albinus]] following the assassination of [[Commodus]] (AD 192) and the subsequent murders of Pertinax and [[Didius Julianus]] (AD 193). Severus is victorious and founds the [[Severan dynasty]].
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===[[3ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.]]===
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* 218: [[Battle of Antioch (218)|Battle of Antioch]], fought between the Emperor Macrinus and his rival [[Elagabalus]] and resulting in Macrinus' downfall and his replacement by Elagabalus.
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* 219: Failed usurpations of [[Verus (senator)|Verus]] and [[Gellius Maximus]] in Syria.
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* 221: Failed usurpation of [[Seleucus (Roman usurper)|Seleucus]], possibly in [[Moesia]]
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* 227: Failed usurpation of [[Seius Sallustius]] in Rome
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* 232: Failed usurpation of [[Taurinius]] in Syria.
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* 235–284: [[Crisis of the Third Century]] - at least 26 claimants fought with each other to become emperor and emperors fought against usurpers, resulting in frequent civil war and breakaway [[Gallic Empire|Gallic Roman]] (260–274) and [[Palmyrene Empire]]s (270–273).
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** 238: [[Year of the Six Emperors]] between various generals against Maximinus Thrax and after his murder. After [[Gordian I]] and [[Gordian II]] are defeated by a pro-Maximinus Army following an attempt to overthrow the emperor, Maximinus is assassinated. [[Pupienus]], [[Balbinus]], and [[Gordian III]] replace him, but the former two are assassinated within months and only Gordian III survives.
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** 240: Failed usurpation of [[Sabinianus]] in Mauretania
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** 248–249: Failed usurpations of [[Jotapianus]] in Syria and [[Pacatianus]] in Moesia.
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** 249: Emperor [[Philip the Arab]] killed and overthrown by rebels at the [[Battle of Verona (249)|Battle of Verona]] and replaced by [[Decius]].
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** 250: Failed usurpation of [[Licinianus]] in Rome.
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** 251: Failed usurpation of [[Titus Julius Priscus]] in Thrace.
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** 252: Failed usurpation of [[Cyriades]] in Syria.
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** 253: Usurpations of [[Aemilianus]] and [[Valerian (emperor)|Valerian]]: Emperors [[Trebonianus Gallus]] and [[Volusianus]] murdered by their soldiers and replaced by Aemilianus. Valerian raises the Rhine legions in revolt, while Aemilianus is killed by his own soldiers.
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** 254: Failed usurpation of [[Uranius]] in Syria.
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** 260: Failed usurpations of [[Ingenuus]] and [[Regalianus]] in [[Pannonia]].
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** 260–261: Failed usurpation of [[Macrianus Major]], [[Macrianus Minor]], [[Quietus]] and [[Balista]] in the East
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** 260–274: The breakaway Gallic Roman Empire
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** 261: Failed usurpations of [[Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi (usurper)|Lucius Piso]] and [[Valens Thessalonicus]] in [[Achaea (Roman province)|Achaea]].
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** 261–262: Failed usurpation of [[Mussius Aemilianus]] and [[Memor]] in Egypt.
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** 268: Failed usurpation of [[Aureolus]] in the West. Emperor [[Gallienus]] murdered by his soldiers and [[Claudius Gothicus]] proclaimed Emperor.
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** 270: Usurpation of [[Aurelian]] against [[Quintillus]].
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** 270–273: The breakaway Palmyrene Empire.
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** 271: Failed usurpations of [[Felicissimus]] in Rome and [[Septimius (usurper)|Septimius]] in Dalmatia.
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** 275: Aurelian murdered by the Praetorian Guard and replaced by [[Marcus Claudius Tacitus]]
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** 276: Usurpation of [[Probus (emperor)|Probus]] against [[Florianus]].
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** 280: Failed usurpation of [[Julius Saturninus]] in the East.
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** 280–281: Failed usurpation of [[Proculus]] and [[Bonosus (usurper)|Bonosus]] in the West.
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** 283–285: Failed usurpation of [[Sabinus Julianus]].
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** 284–285: Usurpation of Diocletian against [[Carinus]]
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* 284–286: [[Bagaudae]] uprising in Gaul under [[Aelianus (rebel)|Aelianus]] and Amandus - revolt suppressed
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* 286–296: [[Carausian Revolt]] under [[Carausius]] and [[Allectus]] in Britain and northern Gaul - revolt suppressed
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* 293: Revolt of the towns of Busiris and Coptos in the Egyptian Thebaid - revolt suppressed by [[Galerius]]
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* 297–298: Failed usurpation of [[Domitius Domitianus]] and [[Achilleus (Roman usurper)|Achilleus]] in Egypt
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===[[4ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.]]===
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* 303: Failed usurpation of [[Eugenius (Antioch)|Eugenius]] in [[Roman Syria]]
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* 306–324: [[Civil wars of the Tetrarchy]], beginning with the usurpation of [[Maxentius]] and the defeat of [[Flavius Valerius Severus]], and ending with the defeat of [[Licinius]] at the hands of [[Constantine I]] in 324 AD. The [[Tetrarchy]] established by [[Diocletian]] would break up because of these wars.
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* 334: Failed usurpation of [[Calocaerus]] in Cyprus
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* 337: [[Caesar (title)|Caesar]]s [[Dalmatius]] and [[Hannibalianus]] killed by soldiers in a purge orchestrated by [[Constantius II]].
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* 340: Civil war, when [[Constans]] defeated [[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]] near [[Aquileia]].
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* 350–353: [[Roman civil war of 350–353]], when Constantius II defeated the usurper [[Magnentius]] who had assassinated Constans.
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* 351–352: [[Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus]] in [[Syria Palaestina]] - revolt suppressed
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* 355: Failed usurpation of [[Claudius Silvanus]] in Gaul
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* 361: Usurpation of [[Julian the Apostate]]
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* 365–366: [[Battle of Thyatira|Revolt of Procopius]], when the Emperor [[Valens]] defeated the usurpers [[Procopius (usurper)|Procopius]] and [[Marcellus (usurper)|Marcellus]].
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* 372: Failed usurpation of [[Theodorus (usurper)|Theodorus]] in [[Antioch]]
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* 372–375: Revolt of [[Firmus (4th-century usurper)|Firmus]] in Africa - revolt suppressed by [[Count Theodosius]]
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* 383–384: Usurpation of [[Magnus Maximus]] in the west and the killing of [[Gratian]] by the general [[Andragathius]]
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* 387: Tax riots against Emperor [[Theodosius I]] in Antioch.
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* 387–388: [[Battle of the Save|Civil War of 387–388]], when the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I defeated the Western Emperor Magnus Maximus.
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* 390: Revolt in Thessalonica culminating in the [[Massacre of Thessalonica]].
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* 392–394: [[Battle of the Frigidus|Civil War of 392–394]], when the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I defeated the usurper [[Eugenius]].
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* 398: [[Gildonic revolt]], when the ''[[Comes]]'' [[Gildo]] rebelled against the Western Emperor [[Honorius (emperor)|Honorius]]. The [[revolt]] was subdued by [[Stilicho|Flavius Stilicho]], the ''[[magister militum]]'' of the [[Western Roman empire]].
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* 399–400: Revolt of [[Tribigild]] and [[Gainas]] in the Eastern Empire - revolt suppressed
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===[[5ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.]]===
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* 406–413: Civil war as the usurpers [[Marcus (usurper)|Marcus]], [[Gratian (usurper)|Gratian]], [[Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)|Constantine III]], [[Constans II (son of Constantine III)]], [[Maximus of Hispania]], [[Priscus Attalus]], [[Jovinus]], [[Sebastianus]] and [[Heraclianus]] tried to usurp the throne of [[Emperor Honorius]]. All were defeated.
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* 409–417: Bagaudae uprising in the Loire valley and Brittany
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* 419–421: Revolt of Maximus in [[Hispania]] - revolt suppressed
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* 423–425: Civil war, when the usurper [[Joannes]] was defeated by the army of Emperor [[Valentinian III]].
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* 427–429: Civil war, when the ''Comes Africae'' [[Bonifacius]] fought inconclusively against the ''Magister militum'' [[Felix (consul 428)|Felix]]. The civil war was terminated by negotiations brokered by [[Galla Placidia]].
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* 432: [[Battle of Rimini (432)|Civil war]], when the ''[[Magister militum]]'' [[Flavius Aetius]] was defeated by the rival ''Magister militum'' Bonifacius, who died of wounds sustained in battle soon afterwards, giving Aetius full control over the Western Empire.
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* 435–437: Bagaudae uprising under Tibatto in Gaul suppressed by Flavius Aetius.
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* 455: Valentinian III assassinated and overthrown by [[Petronius Maximus]].
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* 455: Petronius Maximus stoned to death by mob and replaced by [[Avitus]].
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* 461: [[Majorian]] assassinated and overthrown by [[Ricimer]].
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* 468: Failed usurpation by [[Arvandus]].
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* 470: Failed usurpation by [[Romanus (usurper)|Romanus]].
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* 472: [[Anthemius]] overthrown by Ricimer.
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* 474: [[Glycerius]] overthrown by [[Julius Nepos]].
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* 475: Julius Nepos overthrown by [[Orestes (father of Romulus Augustulus)|Orestes]].
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* 476: Orestes overthrown by [[Odoacer]]. [[Romulus Augustulus]] deposed, ending the Western Roman Empire.
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==[[Υποσημείωση|Υποσημειώσεις]]==
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{{Reflist}}
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==Εσωτερική [[Αρθρογραφία]]==
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*[[Πόλεμοι 2ου Αιώνα π.Χ.]]
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*[[Μάχες 2ου Αιώνα π.Χ.]]
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*[[Πόλεμος]]
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*[[Μάχη]]
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*[[Ρωμαιο-Συριακός Πόλεμος]]
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==[[Βιβλιογραφία]]==
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*
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*
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==[[Ιστογραφία]]==
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*[http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Κατηγορία:Πόλεμοι Ομώνυμο άρθρο στην Βικιπαίδεια]
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*[http://www.livepedia.gr/index.php?title=Κατηγορία:Πόλεμοι Ομώνυμο άρθρο στην Livepedia]
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*[ ]
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*[ ]
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{{Sciencepedia}}
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[[Κατηγορία:Πόλεμοι Αρχαίας Εποχής]]

Τελευταία αναθεώρηση της 13:23, 4 Ιουνίου 2020

Ρωμαϊκοί Εμφύλιοι Πόλεμοι

Roman civil Wars


War-04-goog

Πόλεμος Πόλεμοι Γης Μάχες Γης
Πόλεμοι Αρχαίας Εποχής Αρχαία Εποχή
Πόλεμοι Μεσαιωνικής Εποχής Μεσαιωνική Εποχή
Πόλεμοι Νεότερης Εποχής Νεότερη Εποχή
Πόλεμοι Σύγχρονης Εποχής Σύγχρονη Εποχή
Πόλεμοι 3ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ. Πόλεμοι 2ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ. Πόλεμοι 1ης Χιλιετίας π.Χ. Πόλεμοι 1ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ. Πόλεμοι 2ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ. Πόλεμοι 3ης Χιλιετίας μ.Χ.

Maps-Roman Civil-War-BC-49-goog

Ρωμαϊκός Εμφύλιος Πόλεμος

- Σειρά Πολέμων σε διάφορες εποχές, που διαδραματίσθηκαν στην Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία.

Ετυμολογία[]

Κατάλογος[]

This is a list of civil wars and organized civil disorder in ancient Rome (753 BC – AD 476).

3ος Αιώνας π.Χ.[]

  • 241 BC: Falisci revolt - revolt suppressed[1]

2ος Αιώνας π.Χ.[]

  • 135–132 BC: First Servile War in Sicily - revolt suppressed[2][3]
  • 125 BC: Fregellae revolt - revolt suppressed[4]
  • 104–100 BC: Second Servile War in Sicily - revolt suppressed[5]

1ος Αιώνας π.Χ.[]

  • 91–88 BC: Social War, between Rome and many of its Italian allies - Roman victory.
  • 88–87 BC: Sulla's first civil war (88–87 BC), between Lucius Cornelius Sulla's supporters and Gaius Marius' forces - Sullan victory.
  • 82–81 BC: Sulla's second civil war between Sulla and Marius' supporters - Sullan victory.
  • 82–72 BC: Sertorian War between Rome and the Provinces of Hispania under the leadership of Quintus Sertorius, a supporter of Gaius Marius - Sullan victory.
  • 77 BC: Lepidus' rebellion against the Sullan regime.
  • 73–71 BC: Third Servile War in Italy - revolt suppressed.
  • 63–62 BC: Catiline Conspiracy between the Senate and the dissatisfied followers of Catiline - Senatorial victory.
  • 49–45 BC: Caesar's Civil War between Julius Caesar and the Optimates initially led by Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) - Caesarian victory.
  • 46 BC: Revolt of the Bellovaci in North-Eastern Gaul - revolt suppressed
  • 44 BC: Revolt of the Allobroges in Gaul - revolt suppressed
  • 44–43 BC: Post-Caesarian Civil War between the Senate's army (led first by Cicero and then by Octavian) and the army of Antony, Lepidus, and their colleagues - Truce results in union of forces.
  • 44–42 BC: Liberators' civil war between the Second Triumvirate and the Liberators (Brutus and Cassius, Caesar's assassins) - Triumvirate victory.
  • 44–36 BC: Sicilian revolt between the Second Triumvirate (particularly Octavian and Agrippa) and Sextus Pompey, the son of Pompey - Triumvirate victory.
  • 41–40 BC: Perusine War between the forces of Octavian against Lucius Antonius and Fulvia (the younger brother and wife of Mark Antony) - Octavian victory.
  • 38 BC: Revolt of Aquitanian tribes - revolt suppressed by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
  • 32–30 BC: Final War of the Roman Republic between Octavian and his friend and general Agrippa against Antony and Cleopatra - Octavian victory.
  • 30–29 BC: Revolt of the Morini and Treveri in Northern Gaul with Germanic support - revolt suppressed
  • 30 BC: Revolt in the Nile delta and the Thebaid - revolt suppressed by Gaius Cornelius Gallus
  • 28–27 BC: Revolt in Gallia Aquitania - revolt suppressed by Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus
  • 13 BC: Revolt of Vologases, priest of Dionysus, in Thrace - revolt suppressed
  • 11–9 BC: Revolt of southern mountain tribes in Thrace - revolt suppressed by Calpurnius Piso
  • 4 BC: Revolt of Jews in Judea - revolt suppressed by Publius Quinctilius Varus

1ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.[]

  • 3–6: Revolt of the Gaetuli in Mauretania - revolt suppressed by Cossus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus
  • 6: Revolt of Judas of Galilee against Roman taxation - revolt suppressed
  • 6–9: Bellum Batonianum, a great rebellion in Illyricum against Rome - revolt suppressed by Tiberius
  • 14: Mutiny of the legions in Germania and Illyricum suppressed by Germanicus and Drusus Julius Caesar
  • 17–24: Tacfarinas' revolt in north Africa - revolt suppressed by Publius Cornelius Dolabella
  • 21: Revolt of the Treveri, Aedui, Andes (Andecavi) and Turoni under Julius Florus and Julius Sacrovir in Gaul - revolt suppressed by Gaius Silius and Gaius Calpurnius Aviola
  • 21: Revolt of the Coelaletae, Odrysae and Dii in Thrace - revolt suppressed by P. Vellaeus
  • 26: Revolt in Thrace - revolt suppressed by Gaius Poppaeus Sabinus
  • 28: Revolt of the Frisii in the Battle of Baduhenna Wood - rebel victory
  • 36: Revolt of the Cietae in Cappadocia - revolt suppressed by Marcus Trebellius
  • 38: Alexandrian riots
  • 40: Alexandrian riots
  • 40–44: Revolt of Aedemon and Sabalus in Mauretania - revolt suppressed by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus and Gnaeus Hosidius Geta
  • 42: Failed usurpation of Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus in Dalmatia
  • 46: Revolt in Thrace - revolt suppressed
  • 46–48: Jacob and Simon uprising in the Galilee - revolt suppressed
  • 60–61: Boudica's uprising in Britain - revolt suppressed by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus
  • 66–73: First Jewish–Roman War - revolt suppressed
  • 68: Revolt in Gallia Lugdunensis under Gaius Julius Vindex - revolt suppressed by Lucius Verginius Rufus' army
  • 68–69: The Year of the Four Emperors between various Romans following the death of Nero (AD 68). After Nero's suicide, the generals Galba, Otho, and Vitellius take the throne within months of each other. General Vespasian, who until that point was fighting the revolt in Judaea, is victorious. He founds the Flavian dynasty.
  • 69: Revolt of Anicetus in Colchis - revolt suppressed by Virdius Geminus
  • 69–70: Revolt of the Batavi, Treveri and Lingones in Gaul - revolt suppressed
  • 79–80: Failed usurpation of Terentius Maximus, a Pseudo-Nero, in Asia
  • 89: Revolt of Lucius Antonius Saturninus with two legions in Germania Superior - revolt suppressed

2ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.[]

  • 115–117: Kitos War in Egypt, Cyrenaica and Cyprus - revolt suppressed
  • 117: Revolt in Mauretania - revolt suppressed by Marcius Turbo
  • 122: Apis riots in Alexandria
  • 132–136: Bar Kokhba revolt in Judea - revolt suppressed
  • 152: Revolt in Mauretania - revolt suppressed
  • 153: Alexandrian riots
  • 172: Revolt of the Boukoloi in Egypt - revolt suppressed by Avidius Cassius
  • 175: Failed usurpation of Avidius Cassius in the eastern parts of the Roman Empire
  • 185: Army mutiny in Britain suppressed by Pertinax
  • 190: Two revolts in Africa suppressed by Pertinax
  • 193–197: Year of the Five Emperors and subsequent civil war between the generals Septimius Severus, Pescennius Niger and Clodius Albinus following the assassination of Commodus (AD 192) and the subsequent murders of Pertinax and Didius Julianus (AD 193). Severus is victorious and founds the Severan dynasty.

3ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.[]

  • 218: Battle of Antioch, fought between the Emperor Macrinus and his rival Elagabalus and resulting in Macrinus' downfall and his replacement by Elagabalus.
  • 219: Failed usurpations of Verus and Gellius Maximus in Syria.
  • 221: Failed usurpation of Seleucus, possibly in Moesia
  • 227: Failed usurpation of Seius Sallustius in Rome
  • 232: Failed usurpation of Taurinius in Syria.
  • 235–284: Crisis of the Third Century - at least 26 claimants fought with each other to become emperor and emperors fought against usurpers, resulting in frequent civil war and breakaway Gallic Roman (260–274) and Palmyrene Empires (270–273).
    • 238: Year of the Six Emperors between various generals against Maximinus Thrax and after his murder. After Gordian I and Gordian II are defeated by a pro-Maximinus Army following an attempt to overthrow the emperor, Maximinus is assassinated. Pupienus, Balbinus, and Gordian III replace him, but the former two are assassinated within months and only Gordian III survives.
    • 240: Failed usurpation of Sabinianus in Mauretania
    • 248–249: Failed usurpations of Jotapianus in Syria and Pacatianus in Moesia.
    • 249: Emperor Philip the Arab killed and overthrown by rebels at the Battle of Verona and replaced by Decius.
    • 250: Failed usurpation of Licinianus in Rome.
    • 251: Failed usurpation of Titus Julius Priscus in Thrace.
    • 252: Failed usurpation of Cyriades in Syria.
    • 253: Usurpations of Aemilianus and Valerian: Emperors Trebonianus Gallus and Volusianus murdered by their soldiers and replaced by Aemilianus. Valerian raises the Rhine legions in revolt, while Aemilianus is killed by his own soldiers.
    • 254: Failed usurpation of Uranius in Syria.
    • 260: Failed usurpations of Ingenuus and Regalianus in Pannonia.
    • 260–261: Failed usurpation of Macrianus Major, Macrianus Minor, Quietus and Balista in the East
    • 260–274: The breakaway Gallic Roman Empire
    • 261: Failed usurpations of Lucius Piso and Valens Thessalonicus in Achaea.
    • 261–262: Failed usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus and Memor in Egypt.
    • 268: Failed usurpation of Aureolus in the West. Emperor Gallienus murdered by his soldiers and Claudius Gothicus proclaimed Emperor.
    • 270: Usurpation of Aurelian against Quintillus.
    • 270–273: The breakaway Palmyrene Empire.
    • 271: Failed usurpations of Felicissimus in Rome and Septimius in Dalmatia.
    • 275: Aurelian murdered by the Praetorian Guard and replaced by Marcus Claudius Tacitus
    • 276: Usurpation of Probus against Florianus.
    • 280: Failed usurpation of Julius Saturninus in the East.
    • 280–281: Failed usurpation of Proculus and Bonosus in the West.
    • 283–285: Failed usurpation of Sabinus Julianus.
    • 284–285: Usurpation of Diocletian against Carinus
  • 284–286: Bagaudae uprising in Gaul under Aelianus and Amandus - revolt suppressed
  • 286–296: Carausian Revolt under Carausius and Allectus in Britain and northern Gaul - revolt suppressed
  • 293: Revolt of the towns of Busiris and Coptos in the Egyptian Thebaid - revolt suppressed by Galerius
  • 297–298: Failed usurpation of Domitius Domitianus and Achilleus in Egypt

4ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.[]

  • 303: Failed usurpation of Eugenius in Roman Syria
  • 306–324: Civil wars of the Tetrarchy, beginning with the usurpation of Maxentius and the defeat of Flavius Valerius Severus, and ending with the defeat of Licinius at the hands of Constantine I in 324 AD. The Tetrarchy established by Diocletian would break up because of these wars.
  • 334: Failed usurpation of Calocaerus in Cyprus
  • 337: Caesars Dalmatius and Hannibalianus killed by soldiers in a purge orchestrated by Constantius II.
  • 340: Civil war, when Constans defeated Constantine II near Aquileia.
  • 350–353: Roman civil war of 350–353, when Constantius II defeated the usurper Magnentius who had assassinated Constans.
  • 351–352: Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus in Syria Palaestina - revolt suppressed
  • 355: Failed usurpation of Claudius Silvanus in Gaul
  • 361: Usurpation of Julian the Apostate
  • 365–366: Revolt of Procopius, when the Emperor Valens defeated the usurpers Procopius and Marcellus.
  • 372: Failed usurpation of Theodorus in Antioch
  • 372–375: Revolt of Firmus in Africa - revolt suppressed by Count Theodosius
  • 383–384: Usurpation of Magnus Maximus in the west and the killing of Gratian by the general Andragathius
  • 387: Tax riots against Emperor Theodosius I in Antioch.
  • 387–388: Civil War of 387–388, when the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I defeated the Western Emperor Magnus Maximus.
  • 390: Revolt in Thessalonica culminating in the Massacre of Thessalonica.
  • 392–394: Civil War of 392–394, when the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I defeated the usurper Eugenius.
  • 398: Gildonic revolt, when the Comes Gildo rebelled against the Western Emperor Honorius. The revolt was subdued by Flavius Stilicho, the magister militum of the Western Roman empire.
  • 399–400: Revolt of Tribigild and Gainas in the Eastern Empire - revolt suppressed

5ος Αιώνας μ.Χ.[]

  • 406–413: Civil war as the usurpers Marcus, Gratian, Constantine III, Constans II (son of Constantine III), Maximus of Hispania, Priscus Attalus, Jovinus, Sebastianus and Heraclianus tried to usurp the throne of Emperor Honorius. All were defeated.
  • 409–417: Bagaudae uprising in the Loire valley and Brittany
  • 419–421: Revolt of Maximus in Hispania - revolt suppressed
  • 423–425: Civil war, when the usurper Joannes was defeated by the army of Emperor Valentinian III.
  • 427–429: Civil war, when the Comes Africae Bonifacius fought inconclusively against the Magister militum Felix. The civil war was terminated by negotiations brokered by Galla Placidia.
  • 432: Civil war, when the Magister militum Flavius Aetius was defeated by the rival Magister militum Bonifacius, who died of wounds sustained in battle soon afterwards, giving Aetius full control over the Western Empire.
  • 435–437: Bagaudae uprising under Tibatto in Gaul suppressed by Flavius Aetius.
  • 455: Valentinian III assassinated and overthrown by Petronius Maximus.
  • 455: Petronius Maximus stoned to death by mob and replaced by Avitus.
  • 461: Majorian assassinated and overthrown by Ricimer.
  • 468: Failed usurpation by Arvandus.
  • 470: Failed usurpation by Romanus.
  • 472: Anthemius overthrown by Ricimer.
  • 474: Glycerius overthrown by Julius Nepos.
  • 475: Julius Nepos overthrown by Orestes.
  • 476: Orestes overthrown by Odoacer. Romulus Augustulus deposed, ending the Western Roman Empire.

Υποσημειώσεις[]

  1. ↑ Potter, David (2019-06-03) (στα en). The Origin of Empire: Rome from the Republic to Hadrian. Harvard University Press. σελ. 32. ISBN 978-0-674-65967-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=9AyfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32. 
  2. ↑ Boldt, Andreas (2017-03-16) (στα en). Historical Mechanisms: An Experimental Approach to Applying Scientific Theories to the Study of History. Taylor & Francis. σελ. 180. ISBN 978-1-351-81648-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=rzslDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA180. 
  3. ↑ Chrystal, Paul (2015-11-30) (στα en). Roman Military Disasters: Dark Days & Lost Legions. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-4738-7395-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=sFeqCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT106. 
  4. ↑ Conole, P. (1981). "Allied Disaffection and the Revolt of Fregellae1" (στα en). Antichthon 15: 129–140. doi:10.1017/S0066477400004615. ISSN 0066-4774. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antichthon/article/allied-disaffection-and-the-revolt-of-fregellae1/F5E621B58554048F46C3DED1BD961AB4. 
  5. ↑ Flower, Harriet I. (2014-06-23) (στα en). The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic. Cambridge University Press. σελ. 200. ISBN 978-1-107-03224-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=7SOjAwAAQBAJ. 

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Ikl Κίνδυνοι ΧρήσηςIkl

Αν και θα βρείτε εξακριβωμένες πληροφορίες
σε αυτήν την εγκυκλοπαίδεια
ωστόσο, παρακαλούμε να λάβετε σοβαρά υπ' όψη ότι
η "Sciencepedia" δεν μπορεί να εγγυηθεί, από καμιά άποψη,
την εγκυρότητα των πληροφοριών που περιλαμβάνει.

"Οι πληροφορίες αυτές μπορεί πρόσφατα
να έχουν αλλοιωθεί, βανδαλισθεί ή μεταβληθεί από κάποιο άτομο,
η άποψη του οποίου δεν συνάδει με το "επίπεδο γνώσης"
του ιδιαίτερου γνωστικού τομέα που σας ενδιαφέρει."

Πρέπει να λάβετε υπ' όψη ότι
όλα τα άρθρα μπορεί να είναι ακριβή, γενικώς,
και για μακρά χρονική περίοδο,
αλλά να υποστούν κάποιο βανδαλισμό ή ακατάλληλη επεξεργασία,
ελάχιστο χρονικό διάστημα, πριν τα δείτε.

Επίσης,
Οι διάφοροι "Εξωτερικοί Σύνδεσμοι (Links)"
(όχι μόνον, της Sciencepedia
αλλά και κάθε διαδικτυακού ιστότοπου (ή αλλιώς site)),
αν και άκρως απαραίτητοι,
είναι αδύνατον να ελεγχθούν
(λόγω της ρευστής φύσης του Web),
και επομένως είναι ενδεχόμενο να οδηγήσουν
σε παραπλανητικό, κακόβουλο ή άσεμνο περιεχόμενο.
Ο αναγνώστης πρέπει να είναι
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- Μην κάνετε χρήση του περιεχομένου της παρούσας εγκυκλοπαίδειας
αν διαφωνείτε με όσα αναγράφονται σε αυτήν

IonnKorr-System-00-goog


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